Emmanuel Mignot, Professor of Sleep Medicine at Stanford University
Jérôme Honnorat, Institut MeLiS
Résumé : Notre compréhension de la narcolepsie a été transformée au cours des dernières années. La cause est maintenant attribuée a un processus autoimmun qui produit une perte de transmission hypocretin/orexinergique dans l’hypothalamus. Le processus est déclenché par la grippe et il est maintenant possible d’envisager un traitement qui remplace le neurotransmetteur manquant par des agonistes, une nouvelle classe de stimulants.
Bio : Dr. Mignot is Craig Reynolds Professor of Sleep Medicine at Stanford University. He discovered that human narcolepsy is caused by the autoimmune loss of ~70,000 hypothalamic neurons secreting the wake-promoting peptide hypocretin/orexin. He identified HLA-DQB1*06:02 and T-Cell receptor genes as major susceptibility genes across ethnic groups, which act together to promote a highly selective T cell mediated autoimmune process triggered by influenza infection. Dr. Mignot has received numerous awards including the 2023 Breakthrough Prize. He is a member of the National Academies of Sciences and Medicine. He works on many aspects of sleep research and on unravelling the etiologies of various autoimmune diseases affecting the brain. His approaches are strongly analytic, and include genetics, proteomics, statistics, and deep learning.
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